Bulk food and feed sampling is a multi-step procedure in which typically a composite sample is first produced by pooling primary increments, thoroughly mixed and then mass-reduced (possibly in several steps) to obtain an ultimate laboratory sample of suitable size for analysis: the test portion, or the analytical aliquot. Among all sampling steps involved in this pathway, application of composite sampling is the most critical. If the primary sample cannot be proven to be representative, all ensuing steps of mass-reduction, sample preparation and analysis are in vain, for reasons recently explained in full in the horizontal standard DS 30771, where the specific requirements for ensuring representativeness, are addressed in full.